In dairy cows, Hyperketonemia (HYK) is a disease defined as abnormally high concentration of ketone levels, mainly Beta Hydroxy-Butyrate (BHB)¹. The concentrations greater than 1.4 mmol/L are generall...

Pyrolysis: An Alternative Plastic Recycling Scheme The traditional mechanical recycling is based on melting and reforming plastic into other items. However, to do this, materials need to be sorted by ...

Distinguishing Grass-fed Beef from Grain-fed Beef Using Near-IR Spectroscopy This article examines the use of Near-IR spectroscopy to separate grass-fed beef from grain-fed beef. Some cattle graze on ...

The Use of the Portable Nirvascan Spectrophotometer to Detect Malaria Parasite in Blood. Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease that affects millions of people every year, particularly in tro...

With the scarcity of crude oil supplies these days which reflects itself as the sharp increase in gas prices, it is increasingly important to do better quality control on the existing crude oil suppli...

The introduction of counterfeit drugs since the 1990s into the pharmaceutical market is a big source of concern. Medicines such as Viagra, Cialis, Levitra are examples of these counterfeit products. W...

It is important to estimate the body fat in order to monitor obesity, nutritional plans, training schedule and the overall health status1. With the huge emphasis on health and good nutrition these day...

The Near-IR spectra that are used for quality control of food are quite complex to analyze. They contain overtones and combination spectra which are broad-band and a few orders of magnitude lower in i...

The demand for consumption of fish has increased significantly in recent years due to the desire of consumers to eat healthier food. The market has responded by producing a huge variety of fresh and processed fish products. As a result, the fraudulent substitution of lower grade fish for higher grade...

Milk is rich in its ingredients and contains fat, protein minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates and tens of thousands of other ingredients. It is a perfect environment for bacterial cultures such as Salmonella to develop due its rich nutritional nature. Unprocessed milk that has not been heat treated or pasteurized can host...

With the legalization of cannabis in Canada and in many US states, the need to quantify  potency of  cannabis has become more urgent. If the cannabis is used for medicinal purposes, CBD needs to be measured. On the other hand for recreational purposes, THC needs to be measured. It is...

When agricultural health monitoring is mentioned, several aspects needs to be considered. One main aspect is the quality of the vegetable leaf itself even if the plant is producing fruits. One has to monitor the total nitrogen content and moisture level in the leaf itself. Deficiency in nitrogen is reversible...